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Rewriting
history
Resource-rich Angola creeps out of a tortured past
By
Andrew Princz
Photos by Jura Nanuk
Reporting from Angola
Standing high above the African savannah at the giant rocks of Pungo Andongo in north-central Angola's remote province of Malanje, you can feel the weight of history reverberating from the soles of your feet. An awesome quiet saturates this landscape as the sun sets over a vast expanse of small villages, tall grasses and - in the distance - the peaceful flow of the Cuanza River.
Walking about these animal-shaped peaks that protrude from an otherwise flat landscape, are scores of empty bullet casings and twisted wires scattered about. Today these are the only traces of this Southern African country's painful recent past. Because if these stones could speak, they would talk of a difficult and bloody history, of a conflict whose wounds are as fresh today as they are - ever so slowly - healing.
This rocky gorge and the nearby Calandula waterfalls
are as impressive a sight as any natural wonder of the world. Yet this very
place was the central battleground of a brutal civil war that ravaged Angola
for some twenty-seven years following the country's independence from Portuguese
rule in 1975.
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The pawn of a political chess-match
Angola has tasted little of the fruits of independence.
Freed from colonial rule, the country quickly became embroiled in internal
conflicts, and subsequently became a pawn in a political chess-match of
cold-war world diplomacy. World powers fought a battle of the interests
over oil-, diamond- and natural resource-rich nation.
Today the population in these rural areas, some of the hardest hit during the long period of conflict, lives simply; mostly from farming, building small thatched-roof houses by basking the luminescent reddish clay bricks in the hot African sun.
Access to these areas remains difficult, because the going is torturously slow on the decrepit roads, lined with idle shells of abandoned houses - the country's infrastructure really has yet to be rebuilt. Many roads are only passable by four-wheel drive vehicles - or long hours of travel by foot. In these parts, one hundred kilometers can be a four-hour trek, even with the best of jeeps.
On the long journey to visit the wondrous landscape of Angola, you can find locals walking from village to village in the baking hot sun, balancing bananas or other wares sturdily on their heads as they walk to or return from the local market.But even nature has its way of showing signs of rebirth here. In this province several hundred kilometers south of Pungo Andongo in the Luando nature reserve, the giant sable antelope - whose face and long, elegant horns adorn the country's currency and the tailfins of the national airline's planes - were only recently rediscovered. The antelope were originally thought to have disappeared from the wild over two decades ago after having been butchered for meat during the civil war.
Just weeks ago a wildlife photographer located a small herd; capturing on film two pregnant female antelope along with two others that were nursing calves. The years of war have undoubtedly left deep scars on Angola. Despite a resource-rich disposition, the poverty is palpable, and the needs, real. Preoccupied with basic survival, the people are slowly even losing a mastery of their native languages, in favor of Portuguese.
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Revisiting a painful past
With peace, however, Angola is in the process of reawakening, and revisiting
a painful past. "Now we are at the point of writing our own history,"
historian Corcielio Caley says. "We have crossed the civil war, and
now we can begin to write our story. And this, taking us all the way back
to the days of slavery."
An area not far from the country's sprawling capital of Luanda is a lonely reminder of slavery, that which robbed Angola of countless of its citizens, their dignity and humanity - for centuries.
On the pristine scenic shores of the Atlantic coast,
perched high on a hilltop overlooking a sandy beach is a single lonely house.
This is the so-called museum of slavery; precisely the very same place from
which countless Angolans were shipped to the America's to suffer a lugubrious
fate. Amidst the dust amassing in this unkempt building are three metallic
tubs that reveal an eerie tale. One was used, we are told, to baptize the
future slaves before their departure to the Americas; the other, to inebriate
the newly indoctrinated with traditional alcohol; and a third with water
with which to send them on their treacherous voyage.
"Angola has been stepped on for so long,
and you have to respect this place," says Angolan actor and community
activist Filipe Cuenda at a nearby beach, where the country's few wealthy
live side-by-side the almost unending slums and shanty-towns.
The sprawling capital
Nearby, Angola's sprawling capital, Luanda, remains immersed in a smoky
haze. Dust blows about as piles of rubbish burn unattended, sending plumes
of thick black smoke into the air. In the distance, small children run in
and out of the alleyways of these shanty-towns, as others stroll the streets
irreverently. Vendors sell trinkets, slippers and foodstuffs. Car horns
echo as rumbling trucks stir up the grimy streets of this city that has
outgrown itself.
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While the heart of the city may look much like the French Riviera at sunset, for now, it is an illusion. In a country filled with natural wonders, few tourists dare yet to venture. It's a nation filled with contrasts of beauty and destitution. A leading oil-producing nation, the wealth has yet to trickle down to the population. Once an important coffee producer, today the country is rather faced with the grim task of clearing the land of mines. Thirsty for knowhow and technology, Angola has embarked on the long task of acquiring the basic tools of a modern economy.
And despite all this, at sunset, in a space perched
above the sprawling slums of the capital, people are chanting and dancing
the Angolan samba. Cries of survival arise from within streets of devastating
poverty. Dance and song celebrate freedom, and lament the trials that have
accompanied it.
